Q. Is it true that sleepwalkers can't be hurt when they walk in their sleep?

It is a common misconception that sleepwalkers, aka somnambulists, are often injured when they trip and fall in their sleep.

Another myth is that you should not wake up a sleepwalker. It is not dangerous to awaken a sleepwalker. In fact, it can be quite dangerous not to awake a sleepwalker. The only problem with rousing a sleepwalker is that the person will be disoriented for a while.

Somnambulism, or sleepwalking, is defined as a disorder that occurs when people are active while sleeping. The activities are not limited to walking. Some sleepwalkers can perform complex functions. Some can get dressed, walk out the door and drive all while asleep.

Sleepwalking is classified as a parasomnia, an abnormal occurrence that can happen to someone while asleep, including nightmares, sleep paralysis, sleep aggression and sexomnia. Yes, people are capable of performing sex acts while sleeping.

The prevalence of sleepwalking in the general population is estimated to be between 1 percent and 15 percent.

Most sleepwalking episodes last for less than 10 minutes. However, the episode can go on for 30 minutes or more. Sleepwalking usually occurs during deep sleep, early in the night. Sleepwalking episodes can occur multiple times a night for a few consecutive nights.

Sleepwalking can occur at any age. It is much more common in children than adults. It seems to be an inherited trait.

Fatigue, lack of sleep and anxiety are associated with sleepwalking. So are alcohol, medications, mental disorders, sleep-disordered breathing, restless legs syndrome, migraines, head injuries and sleeping in unfamiliar surroundings.

Occasional episodes of sleepwalking aren't usually a cause for concern. However, consult your doctor if the sleepwalking episodes become more frequent or lead to dangerous behavior or injury.

Most people don't need a specific treatment for sleepwalking. In some cases, short-acting tranquilizers have been helpful in reducing sleepwalking. Treatment for adults who sleepwalk may include hypnosis.

The primary problem with sleepwalking is potential injury. If you are sleepwalking, you should move any objects that are tripping hazards such as wires and small furniture. Expandable gates on stairways are advisable.

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