Kitchen fires

Between 1999 and 2002, there were 114,000 reported home fires associated with cooking equipment every year, resulting in an annual 290 deaths and 4,380 injuries.

Unattended cooking is the leading cause of home cooking fires.

Three in 10 reported home fires start in the kitchen more than any other place in the home.

Two out of three reported home cooking fires start with the range or stove.

Electric ranges or stoves have a higher risk of fires, injuries and property damage, compared to gas ranges or stoves, but gas ranges or stoves have a higher risk of fire deaths.

Fire deaths

In 2004, 395,500 home fires were reported in the United States, resulting in 3,190 deaths, 13,700 injuries and $5.8 billion in direct property damage.

In the U.S., a home structure fire is reported every 79 seconds, and someone dies from a home fire every 135 minutes.

In Canada during 2001, someone was fatally injured in a residential fire roughly every 32 hours.

Cooking fires are the number one cause of home fires and home fire injuries.

Roughly half of all home fire deaths in the U.S. resulted from fires that were reported between 11 p.m. and 7 a.m. Twenty-one percent of home fires occur between those hours.

Although children 5 and under make up about 7 percent of the U.S. population, they accounted for 12 percent of the home fire deaths, giving them a risk almost twice the national average.

Older adults are also at greater risk of dying in a home fire than the population at large. Adults 65 and older face a risk twice the average, while people 85 and older have a risk that is three-and-a-half times more than average.

Twenty-nine percent of the home fire deaths in 1999 to 2002 resulted from fires started by smoking materials, 19 percent of the deaths were caused by intentionally set fires.

Heating equipment was involved in 11 percent of the home fire deaths in 1999 to 2002. Fifty-seven percent of home heating fire deaths resulted from fires in December, January or February.

Space heaters

Heating equipment is the second most common cause of home fires after cooking equipment. Between 1999 and 2002, heating equipment caused an average of 59,000 home fires each year, resulting in 360 deaths and 1,290 injuries annually.

Fireplaces or chimneys rank first in the number of fires among types of heating equipment. Most of these were caused by creosote buildup.

Portable and fixed space heaters, including wood stoves, caused a disproportionate share of the home heating fire deaths. Space heaters were involved in 25 percent of the home heating fires but 74 percent of the deaths.

Candles

Candle fires account for about 5 percent of all reported home fires and home fire deaths.

During 2002, an estimated 18,000 home fires started by candles were reported to public fire departments. These fires resulted in an estimated 130 civilian deaths, 1,350 civilian injuries and an estimated direct property loss of $333 million.

Forty percent of U.S. home candle fires begin in the bedroom, causing 30 percent of the deaths resulting from these fires.

Children between 5 and 9 are twice as likely to die in a home candle fire as the general population.

December had almost twice the number of home candle fires of an average month.

Seven out of 10 households in the U.S. now use candles, with younger adults more likely to use them than older adults.

Falling asleep was a factor in 12 percent of home candle fires and 25 percent of the home candle fire deaths.

Smoke alarms

A 2004 U.S. telephone survey found that 96 percent of the households surveyed had at least one smoke alarm.

About half of home fire deaths result from fires in the small percentage of homes with no smoke alarms.

About 70 percent of home fire deaths result from fires in homes with no smoke alarms or no working smoke alarms.

Homes with smoke alarms (whether or not they are operational) typically have a death rate that is 40 to 50 percent less than the rate for homes without alarms.

In a quarter of the reported fires in homes equipped with smoke alarms, the devices did not work. Households with non-working smoke alarms now outnumber those with no smoke alarms.

When smoke alarms fail, it is most often because of missing, disconnected or dead batteries.

Home escape planning

According to a 2004 National Fire Protection Association survey, one in four Americans has devised and practiced a plan to escape from the home during a fire.

While 66 percent of Americans have an escape plan in case of a fire, 34 percent of those with a plan have practiced it.

Eighteen to 24-year-olds are the least likely to have even developed an escape plan.

Develop and practice a home fire escape plan using the home escape plan grid available on the NFPA Web site.

Smoking materials

Smoking materials like cigarettes, cigars and pipes are the leading cause of fire deaths and the third leading cause of fire injuries in the U.S.

Roughly one of every four U.S. structure fire deaths in 2002, was attributed to smoking materials.

The most common material first ignited in home smoking material-related fires was trash or waste, followed by mattresses and bedding, and upholstered furniture.

Electrical

Electrical distribution equipment, including wiring, switches, outlets, cords and plugs, fuse and circuit breaker boxes, lighting fixtures and lamps, was the fifth leading cause of home fires and the sixth leading cause of fire deaths in the United States between 1999 and 2002.

The most common types of electrical distribution equipment involved in home fires are fixed wiring, lamps or lighting and cords or plugs.

Home fire sprinklers

Properly installed and maintained, automatic fire sprinkler systems help save lives.

When sprinklers are present, the chances of dying in a fire and the average property loss per fire are both cut by one-half to two-thirds, compared to where sprinklers are not present.

Automatic fire sprinklers and smoke alarms together cut your risk of dying in a home fire by 82 percent when compared to having neither.

Source: NFPA Fire Prevention Week Web site